Geomagnetic field at SZIGO, Nagycenk
The magnetic field that can be detected on the Earth's surface is a superposition of two components: a slowly varying large magnitude component and a tiny dynamic component that is several orders of magnitude weaker. The former is due to the dynamo effect in the Earth's outer core, and its geometry can be approximated by a dipole field. Its slow variation is called secular variation.
The dynamic component is the magnetic field of the magnetospheric and ionospheric currents that are formed by the interaction of the flow of ionized particles coming from the Sun, so called the solar wind, and the magnetic plasma capsule surrounding the Earth, called Magnetosphere. This dynamic component induces currents in the subsurface conducting structures, the magnetic field of which can also be detected on the surface as a secondary field.
The Observatory's geomagnetic observing station, accordingly, consists of a high-resolution, relatively small-range variometer (triaxial fluxgate magnetometer), which is used to accurately register the relatively small-amplitude, but variable component - and a fluxgate theodolite for regular measurement of the instantaneous strength of the absolute geomagnetic field. The latter instrument measures the vector sum of the geomagnetic main field and the dynamic component.
The data measured by the variometer are transmitted in real time to the server operated by the the INTERMAGNET, which aggregates geomagnetic observatories, where the variation data are also available to anyone in real time. The so-called definitive data set, which is the sum of the baseline and the corrected variation data set produced at the end of the year from the weekly absolute measurements, is transmitted to the INTERMAGNET data center within 6 months of each calendar year.
The dynamic component is the magnetic field of the magnetospheric and ionospheric currents that are formed by the interaction of the flow of ionized particles coming from the Sun, so called the solar wind, and the magnetic plasma capsule surrounding the Earth, called Magnetosphere. This dynamic component induces currents in the subsurface conducting structures, the magnetic field of which can also be detected on the surface as a secondary field.
The Observatory's geomagnetic observing station, accordingly, consists of a high-resolution, relatively small-range variometer (triaxial fluxgate magnetometer), which is used to accurately register the relatively small-amplitude, but variable component - and a fluxgate theodolite for regular measurement of the instantaneous strength of the absolute geomagnetic field. The latter instrument measures the vector sum of the geomagnetic main field and the dynamic component.
The data measured by the variometer are transmitted in real time to the server operated by the the INTERMAGNET, which aggregates geomagnetic observatories, where the variation data are also available to anyone in real time. The so-called definitive data set, which is the sum of the baseline and the corrected variation data set produced at the end of the year from the weekly absolute measurements, is transmitted to the INTERMAGNET data center within 6 months of each calendar year.
N component (latest 3 days) [nT]
BN
N, E and Z components (latest 10 minutes, one second values) [nT]
K index
BN
BE
BZ